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Mushroom farming, also known as mushroom cultivation, is the process of growing mushrooms for food, medicinal purposes, or other uses. Here are some key aspects of mushroom farming:
Types of Mushrooms
- Edible Mushrooms: Common varieties include button mushrooms, shiitake, oyster, and potbelly.
- Medicinal Mushrooms: Varieties like reishi and lion’s mane are cultivated for their health benefits.
Cultivation Methods
- Substrate Preparation: Mushrooms grow on various substrates, including straw, wood chips, sawdust, and compost. The substrate must be sterilized to eliminate competing organisms.
- Inoculation: This involves introducing mushroom spores or mycelium (the vegetative part of the fungus) into the prepared substrate.
- Incubation: The inoculated substrate is kept in a controlled environment (temperature, humidity, and light) to allow the mycelium to colonize the substrate.
- Fruiting: Once the substrate is fully colonized, conditions are adjusted to encourage the formation of mushrooms. This often involves changes in temperature, humidity, and light exposure.
Environmental Conditions
- Temperature: Different mushroom species require specific temperature ranges for optimal growth.
- Humidity: High humidity levels are crucial during the fruiting stage to prevent the mushrooms from drying out.
- Ventilation: Proper airflow is necessary to prevent the buildup of carbon dioxide and to promote healthy growth.
Harvesting
Mushrooms are typically harvested by hand when they reach the desired size. Timing is important, as mushrooms can quickly overgrow and become less desirable.
Curriculum & Topics
Mushroom Introduction
Types of Mushroom
Machine & Equipments (Mushroom Cultivation)
Raw material required in Mushroom Cultivation
Preparation Pasteurization of Mushroom
Health Safety At Workplace Mushroom Cultivation
Safety Hygiene Sanitation In A Mushroom Farm
Harvesting precautions and Technique
Marketing and Sale of Mushroom
Procurement Process of Mushroom
Value added of Mushroom Products
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